Case Studies

Blue - Pyometra

Blue, a five year old intact female Pitbull, came to our clinic after having not eaten for about 3 days and throwing up. Blue was lethargic and depressed. After a thorough examination, radiographs, and bloodwork, Dr. Hah diagnosed Blue with closed pyometra.

Pyometra is a condition in which purulent material, pus, accumulates in the uterus. The female becomes more susceptible to developing this condition as well as malignant mammary tumors, the older she gets. Pyometra is a serious life threatening condition and should be treated as an emergency. If left untreated the pus filled uterus can burst within the body and cause systemic shock with death following shortly after. Common symptoms of pyometra are anorexia and vomiting as was seen with Blue, lethargy, increased water intake, excessive urination, and vaginal discharge.

Blue specifically was suffering from cystic endometrial hyperplasia. During diestrus progesterone is secreted in order to prepare the endometrium for pregnancy. Along with promoting glandular development and secretion, the progesterone also promotes hyperplasia of the endometrium. Sometimes, the hyperplasia is excessive and cysts are formed, making the uterus a perfect place for bacteria to grow. The effect of progesterone on the endometrium does not go away, but accumulates during each heat cycle. Progesterone also causes immunosuppresion, which can make bacterial growth a higher risk.

The best course of action is an ovariohysterectomy, a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the ovaries, uterus, and cervix, also known as spaying the animal. Unless you plan on breeding the animal, it is best to spay your pet as soon as you can. Let's prevent this disease by doing an early spay once you determine you are not going to breed. The sooner you do it, the better chances you have of saving you're animals life.